Iraj Afshar (Persian: ایرج افشار; 8 October 1925 – 9 March 2011)[3] was a bibliographer, historian, scholar, professor, and a figure in the field of Persian studies.

[3] He was a consulting editor of Encyclopædia Iranica at Columbia University.

Afshar played a significant role in the development of the field of Iranology in Iran and throughout the world during the second half of the 20th century.

He was the editor of Sokhan, a prolific Iranology journal, under the responsibility of Parviz Natel-Khanlari and also the editor of rāhnamāye ketāb (Bibliography Guide), Mehr, farhang-e Iranzamin (Culture of Iran) and Ayandeh.

He was the chief bibliographer of Persian books at Harvard University.