The river springs from Monte Lauro, the main peak of the Hyblaean Mountains, which form the main part of the mountainous southeast of Sicily and runs across the province from north-east to south-west before flowing into the Mediterranean Sea 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) east of Marina di Ragusa.

Halfway through its course the river is housing a small area classified as Oasi Irminio for the brown trout and at its mouth the Natural reserve Macchia Foresta del fiume Irminio of 134 hectares (330 acres).

The 10 November 1976 works started to build a dam along the river in the area between Ragusa and Giarratana.

The structure, 57.10 metres (187.3 ft) tall, was completed in 1983 to create the Lago di Santa Rosalia, a reservoir for agricultural use but also used for recreational fishing.

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