Blue-tailed damselfly

Blue-tailed Damselflies are superb fliers and can alter each of their four wing's kinematics in order to maneuver.

A recent study has shown that they can compensate for a whole wing loss and even successfully maneuver and catch prey.

[7] There are three specific morphs found in the Ischnura elegans species: androchromes, aurantiaca(rufescens) and infuscans.

[8] The aurantiaca female morph is a pink-orange color with a blue abdominal patch that eventually disappears after maturation.

[10]  This gives androchromes an advantage in that they are able to spend more time allowing their eggs to mature instead of exerting energy avoiding unwanted mating attempts.

Androchromes are more likely to face off with males by spreading their wings and curling their abdomens while gynochromes tend to fly away to avoid mating.

[12] There are also five main hypotheses that attempt to understand how the different female polymorphisms are continually maintained in this species.

The reproductive isolation hypothesis states that there is a greater predation pressure on androchromes, which is seen as a trade-off to maintain the more inconspicuous morph.

The male-mimicry hypothesis, mentioned previously, proposes that the androchromes ability to mimic male coloration allows them to avoid unwanted mating attempts and allocate more time to egg maturation.

Due to this, the I. elegans species displays intense male-male competition which leads to males forcing copulations with females.

[7] I. elegans have the ability to rapidly adapt to their environments which puts them under heavy selective pressures.

mating