The group was founded by Alghabass Ag Intalla, and emerged after a split from Ansar Dine following French intervention in northern Mali.

The Islamic Movement of Azawad emerged in January 2013 following statements by Alghabass Ag Intalla, a former diplomat within Ansar Dine who represented the group at peace talks in Ouagadougou.

[4] French anti-terrorism investigator Jean-Louis Bruguière expressed suspicion towards the MIA, claiming it's true motives and origins were unclear.

Bruguiere also stated that it was "too early" to negotiate with the MIA, and believed that the group was formed to "gain time in the face of the progression by French and Malian troops.

Members of the group including Ag Intalla joined the High Council for the Unity of Azawad.