Ivar Rooth (2 November 1888 – 27 February 1972) was a Swedish lawyer and economist who served as the governor of the Swedish National Bank from 1929 to 1948 and the second managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) from 1951 to 1956.
On 10 April 1951, he was appointed Managing Director and Chairman of the Executive Board of the IMF and assumed his duties on 3 August 1951.
Rooth, in his first address to member countries as Managing Director of the IMF on 11 September 1951, stated that the Fund "sought removal or modification of exchange restrictions and other discriminatory practices" aimed at a freer flow of international trade and payments.
The IMF introduced a general framework for Stand-by Arrangements, and the criteria to be applied were standardized.
After 1962 he stepped down and lived at Lidingö, Sweden, and occasionally wrote and gave lectures on economic affairs.