The Jablanica (Serbian Cyrillic: Јабланица, pronounced [jablǎnitsa]) is an 85-kilometre-long (53 mi) river in southern Serbia.

The Jablanica flows next to the villages of Ždeglovo, Vranovce, Bošnjace, Turekovac and Stopanje, reaches Vinarce, the northern suburb of the city of Leskovac, and turns north.

From Pečenjevce, a parallel flow (canal) begins, connecting the Jablanica and Toplica rivers, some 15 km to the north.

Through Južna Morava, the Jablanica belongs to the Black Sea drainage basin, draining an area of 894 km2 (345 sq mi) itself.

[2] It is not navigable and has an average discharge of 6 m³/s, which in rainy years grows much higher, so the river floods its valley, causing much material damage.