James Bright Morgan (March 14, 1833 – June 18, 1892) was an American lawyer, politician, and Confederate Civil War veteran who served three terms as a U.S. Representative from Mississippi 1885 to 1891.

He was born near Fayetteville, Tennessee and moved with his parents to De Soto County, Mississippi in 1840, settling in Hernando.

After he war, he returned to his law practice and was once again elected probate judge of De Soto County.

Morgan was elected to the Mississippi State Senate in 1876, and served until 1878 when he became Chancellor of the third chancery district, a post he held until 1882.

Morgan died when he was shot while on board a train traveling to Memphis, Tennessee;[1] his assailant was attorney Henry Foster.