James Cochrane (15 September 1852 – 28 May 1905) was a Canadian construction contractor and politician, the Mayor of Montreal, Quebec between 1902 and 1904.

Cochrane was educated at the British Canadian School and Collegiate College, then began a career in construction-related activity.

Besides his term as Mayor, Cochrane also served in provincial politics winning the Montréal division no.

He served in the 10th Legislative Assembly of Quebec concurrent with his service as Montreal Mayor.

He was re-elected to a second provincial term in the 11th Assembly, but died in office at Montreal on 28 May 1905.