James Edward O'Neill (February 2, 1929 – March 6, 1987) was an American archivist who served as acting Archivist of the United States from September 1, 1979, through July 23, 1980.

He was born in Renovo, Pennsylvania.

[1] He was also head of the US Presidential Libraries system.

He died of a heart attack on March 6, 1987.

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