Janina Hosiasson-Lindenbaum

[2] She is noted especially for authoring the first printed discussion of the Raven Paradox[3] which she credits to Carl Hempel[4][5] and the probabilistic solution she outlined to it.

[1] Janina then went, on a scholarship from the Polish Ministry of Religious Affairs and Public Education, to spend the 1929/30 academic year studying philosophy in Cambridge.

[12][13] Around the end of October or beginning of November 1935, Hosiasson married mathematician and fellow logician Adolf Lindenbaum.

[14] On 22 June 22, 1941, Germany invaded (the Polish territories annexed by) the Soviet Union and within days, their troops had entered Bialystok and, soon after, Vilnius.

[14] At some point before the middle of August 1941, Adolf, along with his sister Stefanja, would be arrested and then, in nearby Naujoji Vilnia, shot by German forces or their Lithuanian collaborators.

[14] Janina would later be arrested by the Gestapo and in April, 1942, after 7 months of imprisonment in Vilnius, she was transported to Paneriai, on the outskirts of the city, and shot.