[3] Though he did not actively participate in the literary brawls between the Amritsar and Lahore Singh Sabhas, he still used his Anglo-Vernacular education to his advantage to strengthen the Sikh message among the rural populations.

[2] This was where he met his lifelong friend, Bhai Ditt Singh who also visited Gulabdasi congregations in his youth, especially in Rataul and Chatian Wala, where the saints Gulab Das and Piro Preman were born in.

[16] He left the Arya Samaj very bitter, and his first public appearance was addressing meetings in Amritsar telling his Sikh audiences that the Arya Samaj had its institutions to teach Sanskrit and the Vedas, the Muslims had made provision for the teaching of the Quran at Aligarh, but the Sikhs had no institution for the study of Gurmukhi and the Guru Granth.

[1] His education (he spoke in five languages including Persian, Urdu, Sanskrit, Punjabi, and English) and the fact that his grandfather was the earlier Head Granthi improved his case.

[18] Though the civil administration and most Lahore Singh Sabha members wished for him to be the Head Granthi, he was far too controversial a figure and would not shy away from his socio-political viewpoints.

[19] There has been speculation that the Anti-Arya Samaji view of the ruler of Ajmer could have led to the lack of medical facilities provided to Dayananda Saraswati.

[21] The decision was unanimously approved by all members of the Singh Sabha, to not give support to the Indian National Congress during their annual meeting at Lahore and work for the Sikh community instead.

[21] In April 1886, Maharaja Duleep Singh professed that he would come back to India and embrace Sikhism in the Madras Presidency in an open letter.

[24] Apparently the Faqir cried like a child, because he could not bear the sight of the grand-daughters of the illustrious benefactor of his family living as guests in the very capital of the Empire over which their father and the mighty grandfather had held high positions.

[24] Bhai Jawahir Singh approached Viceroy of India, Lord Frederick Hamilton of Dufferin in November 1888 and read the Khalsa Diwan Farewell Address to his excellency in the Government House, Lahore.

[25] Bhai Jawahir Singh read the Khalsa Diwan welcome Address to Sir Dennis Fitzpatrick in the Lawrence Hall, Lahore, on 20 April 1892.

[25] Bhai Jawahir Singh read the Welcome Address of the Khalsa Diwan to Sir Mackworth Young on 24 April 1897, in the Lawrence Hall, Lahore.

[25] Shortly afterwards Bhai Jawahir Singh presented the General Sikh Address to Lord James Bruce of Elgin, at Simla on 26 June 1897, on the occasion of the Diamond Jubilee of Her Late Majesty.

[25] On 5 April 1899, Bhai Jawahir Singh read the Khalsa Diwan Address to Lord George Curzon of Kedleston in the Government House, Lahore.

[25] He praised Jawahir Singh Kapur stating, “I should be glad if you, as one of the foremost among the enlightened Sikhs, would kindly lend your aid in obtaining proper remuneration for my labours.”[25] At the request of certain representative Sikhs, Bhai Jawahir Singh prepared the Coronation Address in the name of the whole of the Sikh community as was done by him for the Diamond Jubilee Address in 1897, but in obedience to the wish of the Punjab Government as conveyed in Mr. Burton on 15 July 1902, to Mr. Younghusband, the Coronation Address was altered and reprinted in the name of Khalsa Diwan which body was subsequently asked to and did adopt it.

[25] After graduating from school he entered service in the Sind-Punjab and Delhi Railway Company in 1876, and then attended law classes for a year at Punjab University.

[26] His early exposure to western norms of rationality, modernity, and scientific knowledge and to the emerging 'print culture' led him to a life of devotion to associational activities.

[26] He inaugurated Lansdowne Bridge at Sakkhar in 1889, the Governor of Bombay, Donald Mackay, 11th Lord Reay, had presented him with the award of 'Best Chronogram in Persian'.

[26] Appointed member of the Committee of Management of Maharaja Sher Singh's Samadh at Shah Bilawal, Lahore in July 1897.

[28] The Sikhs maharajas made their contribution financially and Bhai Jawahir Singh served as secretary of the Khalsa College managing committee for 20 years.

He owed much to Bhai Jawahir Singh who was in fact his brains, his chief source of inspiration, to whom he clung fast, except during the last few months of this false world, when he wavered under the bewitching ways of his erstwhile opponents, who wanted to win him over and thus get into the good books of a host of his admirers.

Neither do I remember having seen Bhai Jawahir Singh, thereafter, who, too, died (14 May 1910) in harness not long after, holding his head erect and retaining to the last his dignity and grace for which he was so much loved and respected.

Two of them were reviewed well by British newspapers like the Homeland Mail, these include Itihas-I-Hind or The Poverty of India, and Dharam Vichar or Thoughts on Duty.