It was also spoken at Pecos Pueblo until the 19th century, when the remaining members of that community moved to Jemez.

Typically tri-syllablic words have tone patterns such as HHL, HML, HLM, HLL, and FLM.

Voiced consonants tend to lower the onset of pitch in high tones.

[3]: 27 For compound nouns or verbs with noun incorporation, the second element loses its word-initial prominence: high tone becomes mid or low tone and vowel length distinction is lost.

[3]: 32 Jemez allows for the following syllable structures: V, VV, CV, CVV, CVC, CVVC.

ų-nópenǫʔǫ1sD-knowníí1ShhédaNEGu-wóó-kæ̨nʔu-haasæ-hųųl-ʔe.1S-really-dog-bite(PASS)-FUT-NZų-nópenǫʔǫ níí hhéda u-wóó-kæ̨nʔu-haasæ-hųųl-ʔe.1sD-know 1S NEG 1S-really-dog-bite(PASS)-FUT-NZI know that I will not be bitten by a dog.The only case in which the rule of a verb having to have a prefix and verb stem does not apply is in the case of negative imperatives where the verbal stem is not present.

The detailed explanation for how this prefix agreement system works was to complicated for me to understand.

What I did take from it is that basically it all boils down to the class of the noun, whether it is singular, dual, or plural and to what kind of sentence it is, whether it is transitive, or intransitive.

There are three main methods by which nouns are derived from verbs: tone change, suffixation, and compounding.

*[4][6] The table below gives examples the distribution of the -sh suffix and illustrates how it indexes noun class membership in Jemez.

This smaller group of words are syntactically nouns in that they take number suffixes but function semantically as adjectives.

[5] Jemez is a pro-drop language, meaning that independent pronouns are often absent in clauses.

However, there is usually no ambiguity in meaning since the arguments of the verb are encoded by the pronominal prefixes attached to it.

There are no separate words for third person pronouns, although demonstratives (dôôtæ̨ “that” and nį́į́t’æsh “those”) can fulfil that function.

[4] Robert Sprout observed that speakers may omit /-sh/ from first person dual-plural, making it is possible to use nį́į́ for dual or plural.

The inclusive first person plural is forms are ʔɨ̨́ɨ̨́ and ʔɨ̨́ɨ̨́sh, the latter being reported as being probably viewed as more formal though both were heard.

[5] The inclusive and exclusive are used to show the relationship between the two speakers, in relation to the topic at hand.

The inclusive would put the speaker and his interlocutor, or person being spoken to in the same group, or something that is sometimes known as "in-group".

Also if this man was being taught how to be Jemez, then in that case "ʔų́ų́sh" would carry the additional meaning of an exhortation to meet the expectations held.

Later I run into him and he asks me about the game, “Did we (“ʔų́ų́sh”) win?” I say to him, “Yeah, we (“nį́į́sh”) won,” and that cuts him out and puts him down.”[5] Determiners in Jemez can function as personal pronouns, demonstratives or noun modifiers.

The divisions among these groups are distinguished by the meaning they show in relation to space of the speaker with the noun accompanying the determiner.

When it is not, instead playing the rule of an independent pronoun, in that case being the noun phrase, then “nų́ų́ʔtæ” “nų́ų́ʔtæsh” are a possibility, along with “nų́ų́dæ” and “nų́ų́dæsh”.