The Jewish Legion was a proposed military unit intended to be part of the Polish Anders' Army in the Soviet Union during World War II.
They hoped that such a unit would facilitate the creation of an independent Land of Israel; another goal was to reduce some reported tensions between Poles and the Jews within the recreated Polish Army.
[2][3] Indeed, one of the groups supporting the creation of this unit, as noted by Israel Gutman, were plain anti-Semites who wanted to rid the [Polish] Armed Forces of Jews through the medium of the "Jewish Legion".
[4] Despite the eventual rejection of the plan, a single Jewish battalion, commanded by Polish Army colonel Janusz Gaładyk, was created in Koltubanka [ce], near Samara, around October 1941.
The battalion never saw combat, and was disbanded around May and June of 1942, around the time that the Anders' Army was being relocated outside Soviet territory to the British-controlled Middle East.