[2] Born in the Parish of Meia Ponte, today Pirenópolis, son of José Gomes Curado and Dona Maria Josefa Pinheiro, in an aristocratic family.

fatherless at an young age, he left as a teenager for Rio de Janeiro, in order to qualify to enter the University of Coimbra.

[4] In 1774, after receiving the rank of ensign, he marched with the expeditionary army to Rio Grande do Sul, with the aim of expelling the Spanish troops who occupied part of the territory, participating in the Spanish-Portuguese war of 1776-1777.

[2] After the southern campaign ended, he was assigned to defend the inhabitants between the captaincies of São Paulo and Minas Gerais, who were suffering from Indians who plundered farms.

[2] For the good services he provided, the viceroy praised and thanked him, in a report dated August 20, 1789, graduating him to the rank of lieutenant colonel of infantry.

The proximity of Santa Catarina to the Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata was of great interest to the Portuguese Crown, which desired the occupation and consequent annexation of the Platine provinces.

As soon as the Court was installed in the country, Dom Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho, a Portuguese diplomat, put the plan into action.

After the peaceful attempt at annexation, Dom Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho decided to begin his plans to have a more aggressive foreign policy with the platine region.

However, aiming to strengthen ties with Santiago de Liniers, he sent a letter to him and to the governor of Montevideo requesting permission to go to Buenos Aires.

The letters sent deal with the distrust that the leaders had not only in the presence of Joaquim Xavier Curado, but also in the diplomatic exercise of Dom Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho.

Furthermore, some troops were ordered to invade areas of Portuguese settlement on the Platina borders, mainly in the region of Rio Grande do Sul.

Furthermore, the Viceroyalty of Peru and other colonial armies were extremely worn down by indigenous rebellions at the meeting, such as the Túpac Amaru Revolt; therefore, they could not help in a war with Portugal.

[2] The lack of credentials, which connoted the fact that Brigadier Curado would not be on an official mission, therefore carrying out clandestine activities, caused a diplomatic crisis between Portugal and Spain.

At the same time, news from Santiago Liniers' brother, imprisoned in Rio de Janeiro, caused him to send a letter to Brazil demanding the release of his family member and criticizing the presence of Joaquim Xavier Curado in Spanish territory without credentials.

The report states that the Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata would be in a kind of "anarchy", as Spanish power in the region suffered from a crisis of legitimacy among the people, mainly to the detriment of the French invasions of Spain.

The brigadier reported, for example, the arrival of French delegates in the region, who had the mission of informing Santiago de Liniers about the abdication of Carlos IV in favor of Joseph Bonaparte.

[2] However, even with the work well done in Rio de la Plata, the discovery of the Curado Mission by the Spanish, with a reaction from neighboring provinces, caused even greater distress with Santiago Liniers and also with Princess Carlota Joaquina.

In a letter addressed to the princess, Liniers criticizes the actions of Curado, who, in addition to having no credentials, made proposals that were not in line with a negotiating mission.

[16] Therefore, Dona Carlota sends a letter to her husband, Dom João VI, saying that the "Mission Curado" violated Spanish laws and that he should order the brigadier to be expelled from the platine region.

And, finally, with the loyalty to Fernando VII, sworn by all the Spanish colonies, the invasion would necessarily have to happen through military means, as Joaquim Xavier Curado had previously anticipated.

Aiming to put his name on the ballot for the Spanish regency, he arranged a marriage with Dona Carlota's daughter, Maria Teresa de Bragança.

Even so, Dom Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho continued with the desire to annex the platinum region, and made Joaquim Xavier Curado remain on the border, informing him about everything that was happening there.

Curado also asks the governor of the captaincy of Rio Grande to monitor the Spanish and have troops ready for battle in case the countries' foreign policy changes.

[2][18] After the May 1810 revolution, Curado was sent to Rio Grande do Sul, leading one of the army columns, in the service of Dom Diogo de Souza.

With the loyalty of Buenos Aires and Montevideo to the Spanish government, dissent over what stance to take in relation to the platine provinces heated up Brazilian politics.

Organizing a troop of six thousand soldiers, he supported the Fico Day, and was therefore honored, at the hands of D. Pedro I, with the titles of baron with greatness and count of São João das Duas Barras, on October 20, 1825 and September 7, 1826.