Johann Friedrich Henckel (1 August 1678 – 26 January 1744) was a Prussian physician, chemist, metallurgist, and mineralogist.
He taught chemistry and mineralogy at the Bergakademie Freiberg where his students included A. S. Marggraf, M.V.
Henckel was born in Merseburg, the son of a physician, Johann Andreas and his wife, Anna Dorothea.
He moved back to Dresden in 1730 and began to work on minerals.
He examined the chemistry of pyrites and believed in the formation of minerals through various processes such as crystallization and thus rejected the theory of instantaneous creation.