Johann, or Jean-Frederic, Hermann, or Herrmann, (31 December 1738 in Barr, Alsace – 4 October 1800 in Strasbourg) was a French physician and naturalist.

[1] He was the author of Tabula affinitatum animalium (1783) and Observationes zoologicae quibus novae complures, published posthumously in 1804.

Hermann was also in charge of Strasbourg's botanical garden, where he was responsible for a large increase in the number of living plant species.

The garden was threatened with closure by the city administration during the French Revolution, and was only saved by the efforts of Hermann.

His son, Jean-Frédéric Hermann (1768–1793), would follow in his footsteps both in medicine and in natural history, until his untimely death during the revolutionary wars put an end to his ambitions.