She attended a school with a commercial focus [de] and worked between 1907 and 1928 in various functions in the accounts and purchasing departments with a succession of Berlin companies.
She was a section leader for the party in the "Berlin I" electoral district and a member of the new left wing National Executive.
At the end of 1920, when the USPD itself split, she was with the left-wing majority that joined the newly formed Communist Party of Germany.
As political extremism grew in Germany, in 1932 she became the leader of the "Women's and Girls' Board" (Frauen- und Mädchenstaffel) of the Fighters against Fascism [de] (Kampfbund gegen den Faschismus).
[1] The populist tide nevertheless proved unstoppable: in January 1933 the Nazi Party took power and lost no time in transforming Germany into an unconstrained one-party dictatorship.
[3] However, in 1944 the unsuccessful assassination attempt against Hitler opened the way for a massive further round-up of people still in Germany who had been politically active as communists or socialists before 1933.