Johannes Trolle Hjelmslev (Danish: [ˈjelˀmsle̝w]; 7 April 1873 – 16 February 1950) was a mathematician from Hørning, Denmark.
He was the discoverer and eponym of the Hjelmslev transformation, a method for mapping an entire hyperbolic plane into a circle with a finite radius.
He was the father of Louis Hjelmslev.
Originally named Johannes Trolle Petersen, he changed his patronymic to the surname Hjelmslev to avoid confusion with Julius Petersen.
Some of his results are known under his original name, including the Petersen–Morley theorem.