Both his father, Jabez Conder (d. 1727) and grandfather served as minister to an Independent congregation at Croydon, Cambridgeshire.
Following the accession of George I in 1714, a degree of religious toleration was won for nonconformists, though with a number of legal restrictions and disadvantages that continued into the nineteenth century.
Conder's first sermon as an Independent was preached in 1738 and he developed a successful ministry at Cambridge, at the Hog Hill church.
In 1762, he was accepted as pastor of a chapel at Moorfields in the City of London, where he served for a twenty-one years as minister.
His grave was originally marked by a very simple stone simply stating "Dr Conder 1781".