John Gould Anthony (17 May 1804, in Providence, Rhode Island – 16 October 1877, in Cambridge, Massachusetts) was an American naturalist who became an expert on malacology, the study of mollusks.

Anthony was in charge of the conchology (now malacology) department of Harvard's Museum of Comparative Zoology for over a decade.

[2] They remained in Cincinnati for 35 years, where John Gould actively engaged in commercial occupations[1] — working in a firm making silver plate, as an independent account, as a partner in a bookselling and publishing firm.

The year they arrived in Cincinnati, he joined the Western Academy of Natural Sciences, a group of serious amateurs.

[1] His publications attracted the attention of Louis Agassiz, and in 1863 he was asked to take charge of the conchological department of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, where he remained until his death.