John Martin Crawford (scholar)

John Martin Crawford (October 18, 1845 – 1916) was an American physician and scholar who translated the Finnish epic Kalevala into English based on a previous German translation by Franz Anton Schiefner published in 1852, to be published for the first time in 1888.

Crawford was born in Herrick, Pennsylvania and taught public school for three years prior to attending college.

[1][2] In June 1889, Crawford was appointed by President Benjamin Harrison as consul-general of the United States to Russia.

[1] He also translated the five volume series "Industries of Russia" published in 1893 for World's Columbian Exposition.

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