The legislation ordered the consolidation of facilities which were adjoining, but separate military installations, into a single joint base, one of 12 formed in the United States as a result of the law.

(MCBUL 5400 dtd 25FEB2020) Under an agreement signed in November 2020, some installation support functions were returned to Air Force to allow higher funding levels to meet operational requirements.

Joint Region Marianas will oversee support services, policies, and resources for Navy and Marine Corps bases and some functions on AAFB.

The main base of USNB Guam, sometimes called "Big Navy" is located south of Outer Apra Harbor in Santa Rita, mostly on the Orote Peninsula.

Guam has access to almost unrestricted airspace and the close proximity of the Farallon de Medinilla Island, a naval bombing range approximately 150 miles (240 km) north.