Jonathan Eybeschutz (רבי יהונתן אייבשיץ) (also Eibeschutz or Eibeschitz; 1690–1764) was a Talmudist, Halachist, Kabbalist, holding positions as Dayan of Prague, and later as Rabbi of the "Three Communities": Altona, Hamburg and Wandsbek.

Born in Kraków, Eybeschutz was a child prodigy in Talmud; on his father's death, he studied in the yeshiva of Meir Eisenstadt in Prostějov (Prossnitz), and then later in Holešov (Holleschau).

At the age of eighteen, Eybeschutz was appointed rabbi of Bolesławiec, where he stayed for three years, afterward settling in Prague in 1711 and becoming head of the yeshivah and a famous preacher.

In Prague, Eybeschutz received permission to print the Talmud—but with the omission of all passages contradicting the principles of Christianity in consultation with Chief Rabbi David Oppenheim.

In July 1725, the Ashkenazic beit din of Amsterdam issued a ban of excommunication on the entire Sabbatian sect (kat ha-ma’aminim).

[3] In early September, similar excommunication proclamations were issued by the batei din of Frankfurt and the triple community of Altona, Hamburg, and Wandsbeck.

[5] However, Rabbi Katzenelenbogen stated that one of the texts found by the Amsterdam beit din "Va-Avo ha-Yom el ha-Ayyin” was authored by Jonathan Eybeschutz and declared that the all copies of the work that were in circulation should be immediately burned.

"[8] Eybeschutz was again accused of secret Sabbatean beliefs following a suspicion that he had issued amulets recognising the Messianic claims of Sabbatai Zevi.

Jacob Emden suggests that the rabbis decided against attacking Eybeschutz out of a reluctance to offend his powerful family and a fear of rich supporters of his living in their communities.

Conflicting testimony was put forward and the matter remained officially unresolved[13] although the court imposed fines on both parties for civil unrest and ordered that Emden be allowed to return to Altona.

The Senate of Hamburg started an intricate process to determine the powers of Eybeschutz, and many members of that congregation demanded that he should submit his case to rabbinical authorities.

[19] According to the words of Joseph Franz Molitor, the grandson of Rabbi Eybeschutz Baron Thomas von Schoenfeld, became an apostate Jew after inheriting his grandfather's collection of Sabbatean Kabbalistic works.

Chava Rosenfarb (1923–2011),[21] Chaim Kreiswirth (1918-2001) of Antwerp, Belgium, and Shmuel Wosner (1913–2015), a prominent Haredi rabbi and posek ('decisor of Jewish law') who lived in Bnei Brak, Israel.

Book commonly agreed by modern scholars (P. Maciejko, Y. Liebes) to be ascribed to Rabbi Eybeschutz is "Va-avo ha-Yom el ha-Ayyin", "And I Came this Day unto the Fountain", which is both related to Kabbalah and Sabbataism.

Paweł Maciejko "Coitus interruptus in 'And I Came this Day unto the Fountain'", p. xvii [in:] Introduction to: Jonathan Eibeschütz, And I Came this Day unto the Fountain, ואבוא היום אל העין, Critically Edited and Introduced by Paweł Maciejko, With Additional Studies by Noam Lefler, Jonatan Benarroch and Shai Alleson Gerberg, 2014 (Sources and Studies in the Literature of Jewish Mysticism 42), 360 pp., ISBN 1-933379-45-6.