Joséphine Marguerite Marchais, née Rabier (13 April 1837 – 20 February 1874), was a French day labourer who was an active participant in the Paris Commune in 1871.

[2][1] In 1871, during the Paris Commune, she was a vivandière in the Enfants Perdus,[1] along with her lover, a butcher's assistant named Jean Guy.

[7][1] She was arrested carrying weapons and red scarves, along with Élisabeth Rétiffe, Eulalie Papavoine and Léontine Suétens.

[8] She denied the charges, saying that she had only been near the barricade because she had been carrying laundry for the troops,[7] but she was sentenced to death in September 1871.

[1] She was defended not by a lawyer, but by a lieutenant, Guinez, whose assertion that poverty was to blame for her participation in the Commune found sympathetic ears in the trial audience, but not in the Council of War.