Count Maria Josef Anton Guido Leo Joachim Barbo von Waxenstein[a] (20 February 1863 – 11 May 1930) was an Austrian aristocrat, politician, landowner, and member of the Imperial Council of Austria-Hungary.

Josef Anton Barbo von Waxenstein was born on 20 February 1863 in Kroisenbach (now Rakovnik pri Šentrupertu) to Count Joseph Emanuel Maria Dismas Otto Vincenz Barbo von Waxenstein and Countess Valesca Caroline Antonie Henriette Ludmille Antonie Henrietta Ludmilla von Arco.

His father had been a member of the Austrian parliament between 1867 until 1879, and a staunch supporter of the Slovenian national revival.

He ran again for a position in the Council in 1911 and was appointed to preside over Electoral District Krain 12, serving until 1918.

Barbo von Waxenstein was married twice; first to Margit Vidats and later to Countess Mária Róza Valéria Sternberg-Rudelsdorf de Sarawenza.