He was born in Santa Margalida, Majorca to a farming family and took interest in spirituality at the early age of 13.

Mascaró is responsible for one of the most popular English translations of the Hindu text Bhagavad Gita (1962), and of some of the major Upanishads (1965).

His first work, Lamps of Fire (1958), was a collection of religious and spiritual wisdom from across the world; a selection from the book inspired the Beatles song "The Inner Light" (1968).

Mascaró studied modern and oriental languages at Cambridge University and spent some time lecturing on the Spanish Mystics.

He settled in England after the Spanish Civil War and there made his translations of the Bhagavad Gita and Upanishads, as well as returning to Cambridge University, where he was a supervisor of English and lectured on "Literary and Spiritual Values in the Authorized Version of the Bible."