[1][2] Carvajal arrived with Ambrosius Ehinger's expedition for Santa Ana de Coro known to the Welser Family, who had been granted the colony of Klein-Venedig from Charles V as a payment for debts, as Neu-Augsburg in 1529.

Carvajal believed the Welser family to not be completing their part of the treaty granting them Venezuela, noting the poor living conditions and the neglectful administration of Klein-Venedig.

He then left for Coro to govern with the interim governor of the province of Venezuela Juan de Frias, in Phillip von Hutten's absence, who was believed to have died in his expedition to find El Dorado which started on 1 August 1541 with Bartholomeus VI.

Carvajal argued that he ordered the execution in defense of the people's interests and mentioned the horrible conditions the Welser Family had put upon Venezuela.

He lost the case and on 16 September, Judge Juan Perez de Tolosa sentenced Carvajal to death by hanging but with a peculiar specification that he had to be carried to the gallows by tying him to the tail of a horse.