Jules Basdevant (April 15, 1877 – March 17, 1968 in Anost) was a French law professor.

He was born in Anost, Saône-et-Loire, a village in the Parc naturel régional du Morvan about halfway between Paris and Lyon in eastern France.

Basdevant was promoted several times; in 1922 as professor of international law and historical treaties, in 1924 as professor of people's law and also became a technical expert for the French delegation at the Peace preliminary conference of 1919.

He worked for the Foreign Affairs Department from 1930 to 1941 as a law consultant.

In 1946 took up an inaugural seat on the International Court of Justice, a position he held until 1964.