The small town of Jupiter Inlet Colony occupies the southern tip of the island.

[1] The village of Tequesta, which is primarily located on the mainland, abuts Jupiter Inlet Colony on the north.

There are two unincorporated Palm Beach County areas on the island:[2] The exceptionally wealthy town of Jupiter Island begins at the Palm Beach-Martin county line and extends north to include the southern portion of the Hobe Sound National Wildlife Refuge.

[3] Jupiter Island was also home to Celine Dion and her husband, René Angélil, and their sons, Rene-Charles, Nelson and Eddy, up until 2013.

Unincorporated Martin County runs north from the northern Jupiter Island town limits to the St. Lucie Inlet and includes the following:[4] The principal north-south road on Jupiter Island is Beach Road.