Kakegoe (掛け声) usually refers to shouts and calls used in performances of traditional Japanese music, Kabuki theatre, and in martial arts such as kendo.
In the kabuki theatre, the term is used to refer to melodramatic calls from an audience, or as part of call-and-response singing in Japanese folk music.
It is a custom for people in the audience to insert kakegoe every so often, in praise of the actors on stage.
Rather than names, kakegoe are usually words of encouragement for the musicians, singers, or dancers performing with the music.
In the Hanagasa Odori (Flower Hat Dance) of Yamagata, for example, the shout at the end of each verse is "ha yassho makasho!"
In larger music ensembles such as Hayashi and Nagauta, musicians need to tell each other where they are in a piece, so they use kakegoe to signal the ending/beginning of a section.
In parts of Tokyo, mikoshi, or float shrines are hoisted by people yelling "Yassho!
The Hamamatsu Matsuri is famous for its enormous kites and large wooden carts called 屋台, yatai that are taken throughout the city.
Each kite and cart has their own represented guilds, and each group marches through the streets to the beats of snare drums and bugles chanting "Oisho!
Another example is in Mie prefecture, at Kuwana City's Ishidori Matsuri where the chants of "Korasa" or "Hoisa" are used in the festival.
This is shouted out by participants after a sequence of taiko drumming and hammering of the Kane on the traditional cart.