Karel Lambert (born 1928) is an American philosopher and logician at the University of California, Irvine and the University of Salzburg.
He has written extensively on the subject of free logic, a term which he coined.
[1][2] Lambert's law is the major principle in any free definite description theory that says: For all x, x = the y (A) if and only if (A(x/y) & for all y (if A then y = x)).
Free logic itself is an adjustment of a given standard predicate logic such as to relieve it of existential assumptions, and so make it a free logic.
Taking Bertrand Russell's predicate logic in his Principia Mathematica as standard, one replaces universal instantiation,
, which in Principia Mathematica entail
The truth of these last statements, when used in a free logic, depend on the domain of quantification, which may be the null set.
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