[12][10][13] On 27 February 2022, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy made an announcement declaring the establishment of an international fighting force to assist in defending the sovereignty and independence of Ukraine amidst the Russian invasion.

It was mentioned that there were several requirements for volunteers to join the unit, these consisted of good health, no problems with substances or alcohol, a devotion to traditional "Nordic values", and a desire to achieve Karelian independence from the Russian Federation, as well as a desire to contribute to the victory over the so-called "terrorist regime" of Russian President Vladimir Putin.

The initial emblem adopted by the unit was on January 19, 2023, and was uploaded to their Telegram channel; it featured a circular chevron with a Viking ship in the middle.

The current insignia drew inspiration from the Academic Karelia Society, displaying an arm with armour plating and a shield.

This rendition featured a simplified design, retaining the Karelian colours but omitting the Viking ship and other Nordic patterns and insignia.

[17] According to Russian media The Moscow Times, the Karelian Group predominantly operates in exile within neighbouring Finland, this was triggered as a result of members from of the Karelian National Movement fleeing Russia after the full-scale Russian invasion; it can be presumed that the members in exile formed the unit in Finland.

[22] The Ukrainian magazine Focus claimed that an unidentified Russian source suggested the idea that Finland could potentially resemble a "second Ukraine".

[23][24] It had been observed by Iltalehti, a Finnish tabloid, that engaging in Karelian activism and nationalism may carry severe legal consequences for those involved.

In addition to this, expressions of support for Ukraine and the involvement in activities perceived as hindering "Russia's actions" may escalate resulting in a sentence of up to 20 years.

[25] On 9 November 2023, the Russian Volunteer Corps was involved in the assassination of a Federal Security Service Lieutenant Colonel in Bryansk Oblast.

The unit destroyed a Russian Ural military truck carrying personnel, the news was confirmed by a non-verified source in the Ukrainian Main Directorate of Intelligence Service.

In a notable photograph, activists affiliated with the Karelian National Movement are depicted wearing combat gear and holding Kalashnikov rifles while proudly displaying the flag of Karelia.