It became the seat of its Central Committee and was named in honor of Karl Liebknecht, the KPD leader who was murdered by a paramilitary unit in January 1919.
After Adolf Hitler was appointed as German chancellor, the Berlin police raided the headquarters, and by March 1, the Nazi swastika flag was flying over the building.
Renamed the Horst Wessel House, the building at first served as a district police station and detention center in which Jews and political opponents were tortured.
Severely damaged during World War II, the building was repaired in 1948, and the name "Karl Liebknecht House" restored.
The building continues to serve as the headquarters of the new party, which is called simply "The Left" (Die Linke) after the merger was completed in June 2007.