Khalsa bole

[9] Sant Singh Sekhon describes the lect as a "grandiloquent patois" that "comprises euphemisms and jargon symbolic of high-spirited confidence and courage".

[13] The unique dialect serves martial and mental objectives, such as helping the speaker and listeners remain in high-spirits in the face of adversity.

Sekhon (1997: 229) attributes these different meanings of the words as metaphors of optimism and belief in the inevitable achievement of the goal: 'Taking a meal of parched gram of necessity a Nihang would describe himself as eating almonds.

'Sat Srí Akál' ('God the Immortal is True') as loud as he can, and if he is given money to buy 'karah parshad and requested to do so', he utters this Jaikára or cry of victory, as it is called.

This would not only send fear and doubt deep within the ranks of the enemy soldiers, but encouraged the Singhs in the Khalsa Army to fight heroically with courage and confidence and honour the names given to them by the Guru.

[20] Accord to Sant Singh Sekhon, the Nihangs developed the special vocabulary full of euphemisms and parallels to common words and phrases to complement their martial role and character.

[10] The terms were used by Nihangs to "make light of hardships", to describe enemies in a bold and provocative manner, and to belittle/ridicule things of worldly comfort.