Kingdom of Kumalarang

The Kingdom of Kumalarang or "古麻剌朗" in ancient Chinese texts, is a precolonial Filipino kingdom located on what is now the town of Kumalarang at the Zamboanga Peninsula.

[1][need quotation to verify] Kumalarang is listed in the Ming Shilu (the imperial annals of the emperors of the Ming dynasty) among other kingdoms in Insular Southeast Asia (e.g. Malacca, Brunei, Sulu) as a polity that was conferred an imperial seal by the Ming Emperor in the mid-15th century.

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