The gang targeted Union and Confederate soldiers, civilians, and rival outlaws with Guerrilla tactics, leaving a legacy of fear and infamy.
[1] John Jackson Kirkland, born in 1827, served as a Third Lieutenant in Company B of the 3rd Tennessee Mounted Infantry (CSA) after enlisting in Lynchburg, Virginia on June 6, 1861.
[1] As the war progressed, the theater where they operated was plagued by irregular warfare and atrocities committed against civilians and regular forces alike.
[1][5] Near Deals Gap, North Carolina, the gang ambushed a family mistakenly caught in the path of a planned raid on Union soldiers transporting a military payroll.
In one of the most chilling acts attributed to the gang, John Kirkland killed the child and hid the body in a hollow log.
[1][5] In 1958, he was honored by Ms. Zella Armstrong, member of the Tennessee Historical Commission and vice-president of the state chapter of the Confederated Southern Memorial Association, and subsumed into the resurgent Lost Cause mythos of the time.