It was founded as the Jewish Communist Party in Bielorussia (Yiddish: אידישער קאָמוניסטישער פארטיי אין ווײַסרוסלאנד) on January 19, 1919.
[1] In the wake of the October Revolution, the issue of the integration of the General Jewish Labour Bund into the communist movement was unsolved.
Thus the Communist Party (bolsheviks) of Bielorussia (CP(b)B) was more flexible towards cooperation with Jewish socialist groups than the RCP(b) at large.
They argued that the Jewish proletarians, due to their 'specific conditions', ought to have a Communist Party of its own albeit in union with the RCP(b).
The congress resolved to work for the establishment of an All-Russian Jewish Communist Party, which would function as an autonomous unit of RCP(b).