He was born on 1 March 1883 in a Baidya family in a village named Kogram in Purba Bardhaman district of West Bengal, India.
[1] He graduated from the Scottish Church College of the University of Calcutta[2] in 1905 and won the Bankimchandra Gold Medal.
He started his teaching career at Mathrun Nabinchandra Vidyaytan in Purba Bardhaman where he later became the headmaster.
One memorable music album named Kumud Kabya Geeti was released by the Gramophone Co. of India, comprising some of his poems made into songs like 'Ajayer buke saradin', 'Ruper laagi jodi amaare bhalobasho', 'Jhapsa hoye aaschhe kromey', 'Latar bedona' & many more beautiful poems set to music by famous Bengali musical icons like Hemanta Mukherjee, Anup Ghoshal, Haimanti Sukla, Tarun Bandopadhyay and many more.
List of Kumdud Kabya Geeti sung by various celebrated singers from Bengal: One of his students, at the Mathrun Navinchandra Vidyalay, Burdwan where Kumud Ranjan was the Headmaster, later rose to become Bengal's best known Rebel poet, Kazi Najrul Islam.