Kwaku Ohene-Frempong (13 March 1946 – 7 May 2022) was a Ghanaian pediatric hematologist-oncologist and an expert in sickle cell disease (SCD).

With a professional interest in SCD, Ohene-Frempong was a physician and involved in public health initiatives at Tulane University School of Medicine in New Orleans, Louisiana, and later the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) in Pennsylvania.

He continued professional relationships with Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana where he later became a full-time physician after retiring from CHOP.

Ohene-Frempong was born on 13 March 1946 in Kukurantumi, Eastern Region, Gold Coast (now Ghana) to Kwasi Adde Ohene, a cocoa farmer, and Adwoa Odi Boafo.

[7] Ohene-Frempong was invited to compete on the Ghanaian national team at the 1968 Olympics, and although he initially planned to take a leave of absence for one semester to participate, he opted to focus on his studies instead.

[7] Later that year, in July 1970, Ohene-Frempong represented Ghana at the men's 110 metres hurdles at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games, placing seventh with a time of 14.7 seconds.

[1] Six years later, in 1986, Ohene-Frempong returned to Philadelphia, moving back to CHOP where he had completed his fellowship, with an academic appointment as Assistant Professor of Pediatrics at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.

At CHOP, he established the Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center,[9] with funding awarded by the National Institutes of Health in 1988, and he became director in 1990.

In 1999, he was inducted into the International Scholar Athlete Hall of Fame in its first year of existence, as well as an NCAA Silver Anniversary Award in 2000.

The diagnosis, as well as the realization during medical school that other family members had previously undiagnosed SCD, inspired Ohene-Frempong to make the disease the focus of his professional career.