Léopold Nègre (15 June 1879 – 29 July 1961) was a French physician and biologist born in Montpellier.

He studied natural sciences at the University of Montpellier, followed by courses in microbiology at the Pasteur Institute in Paris.

From 1907 to 1910, he served as préparateur at the laboratory of microbiology courses headed by Amédée Borrel (1867–1936).

In 1919, he was assigned to the laboratory of tuberculosis headed by Albert Calmette (1863–1933) at the Pasteur Institute in Paris.

[1] In 1931, Nègre became chair at the Institut Pasteur, and in 1944 was named vice president of the Société de biologie.