LRGB, short for Luminance, Red, Green and Blue, is a photographic technique used in amateur astronomy for producing good quality color photographs by combining a high-quality black-and-white image with a lower-quality color image.
[1]In astrophotography, it is easier and cheaper to obtain good quality, high signal-to-noise ratio images in black and white.
The LRGB method is used to work around this to get good color images.
The theory behind the effectiveness behind LRGB techniques has been related to the working of human color vision.
Thus, each element of LRGB targets one type of photoreceptor cell in the human eye.