Lactotripeptides are two naturally occurring milk peptides: Isoleucine-Proline-Proline (IPP) and Valine-Proline-Proline (VPP).
These lactotripeptides are derived from casein, which is a milk protein also found in dairy products.
ACE is part of the renin–angiotensin system – a natural mechanism that helps regulate blood pressure in the body.
Several human trials aimed to evaluate the effect of lactotripeptides on blood pressure.
[16][19][20] A recent systematic review of the literature found no confirmed ACE-inhibitor effects in humans, as well as no conclusive evidence for lactotripeptides as a successful intervention; the meta-analysis cited heterogeneity in methodology and lack of inclusion of recent larger studies by prior meta-analyses to account for the variance between studies.