A partial diversion of the Nera in the Nera river valley (Valnerina) conducts the flow via a lengthy aqueduct and canal system built in the 1920s during the fascist regime of Benito Mussolini, entering the lake at the north-western end of the village of Piediluco, near the entrance to the town from the "Via Ternana" SS79 motorway.

A canal approximately 400 metres (1,300 ft) long was built, also in the 1920s, to divert the Velino river from its existing natural course into the lake.

The purpose of this work was to improve hydroelectric power production.

Lake Piediluco is the site of the Italian National Rowing Center, which hosts many training and competition events at the national, European, and international levels.

The lake is ideal for the sport due to its shape, central geographical location, and the relatively calm winds.