Landing performance

Landing into a headwind reduces the ground speed (GS) for the same indicated airspeed (IAS).

Landing with an unknown or unexpected tailwind could lead to the aircraft overshooting the runway.

[2] An important safety concern at airports is the contamination of the runways due to ice, snow, water, rubber deposits etc.

The landing distance required by an aircraft is much more in case of low friction runways which do not facilitate effective braking to occur.

Aquaplaning is a phenomenon in which directional control is lost because of the presence of film of water between the rubber tires and the runway surface.

Flaps also lower the nose of the aircraft and give the pilots a better view of the ground ahead while landing.