It was founded by Shi Jingtang (Emperor Gaozu) with aid from the Liao dynasty, which assumed suzerainty over the Later Jin.

Shi Jingtang, the son-in-law of Li Cunxu, rebelled against him, and with the help of the Khitan, declared himself emperor of the Later Jin in 936.

The Later Jin founder Shi Jingtang claimed patrilineal Han Chinese ancestry.

Anqing was one of the three Shatuo sub-tribes whom were of Sogdian origin, besides Chuyue (處月) and formerly Türgesh-associated Suoge (娑葛).

The cession of the Sixteen Prefectures led to their derision as being the servants of the Liao dynasty.