The first was initiated by the Peruvian archaeologist Luis G. Lumbreras and draws most of his inspiration from the work of Vere Gordon Childe, and authored the seminal book La Arqueología como Ciencia Social (1984).
Lumbreras was recognized for creating a new perspective on archaeology with valuable contributions, not only in the descriptive and analytical aspect, but also in the theoretical plane of the definition of Peruvian archeology.
He is one of the founders of Latin America Social Arcaheology for his contributions to data collection and participation in the development and integration of society.
The whole production of this group on Marxist theory and archaeology was synthesized by Luis F. Bate, in his book El proceso de Investigación en Arqueología (1998).
A tolerance for alternative state models can be seen with the support of Socialist administrations during this time, such as Chilean Leftist Salvador Allende,[5] but this period ended with a rapid move from left to far-right ideologies and the exile of archaeologists and intellectuals from social positions.
The Latin American "social archaeologists" to come out of this era (Bate, Lumbreras, Vargas, and Sanoja) can be considered part of an activist generation that was heavily involved with, or influenced by, marxist political ideology.