Leidschendam (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈlɛitsə(n)ˌdɑm]) is a town and former municipality in the province of South Holland of the Netherlands.

This recent date belies the long history of human habitation in this area, which predates the Roman occupation two thousand years ago.

Important driver for the development of the area was the Vliet canal, ferrying people and goods through Holland in the Middle Ages, and even in Roman times.

In 1811, Stompwijk and Veur were combined to form Leidschendam, but this was reversed only six years later, although one mayor continued to serve both villages.

A growing number of government and industrial activities (the Dutch political capital of The Hague is nearby) and the associated housing demand transformed Veur from a rural into a suburban community.

In terms of percentage of population, the main economic activities are real estate and commercial services, retail and hotel/restaurants, medical care, transportation and communication, and government.

The building then hosted the UN Special Tribunal for Lebanon to try those suspected of assassinating former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri.

As of 31 December 2001, about 40% of the population has a college degree or better, ranking ninth out of the fifty largest cities in The Netherlands.

In 2003, Leidschendam-Voorburg was ranked first among the fifty largest municipalities in The Netherlands in terms of efficiency of transportation (public and private), taking into account geographical location, infrastructural resources, and population density.

A number of nearby train stations connect directly to The Hague, Rotterdam and Leiden, with easy access to the rest of the country.