Leonid Solomonovych Pervomayskyi (Ukrainian: Леонід Соломонович Первомайський, birth name: Illya Shlyomovych Hurevych; 17 May 1908 – 9 December 1973), was a Jewish-Ukrainian poet, a winner of the 1946 Stalin Prize for literature and a member of the Communist Party since 1954.

Pervomayskyi was born in Konstantinograd (now Krasnohrad, Kharkiv region of Ukraine) to the family of a bookbinder.

[1] After the World War II, he published a novel in verse called "Brother's Youth" (Молодість брата, 1947) and numerous collections of poetry.

[1] He had been criticized by the Communist Party for the so-called "ideological errors".

[2] He was a recipient of a number of military and civil decorations.