Leptobarbus melanotaenia, or the Bornean Sultan Fish, is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Leptobarbus.

This species is a preferred food fish to be caught by local communities.

The distinguishing feature of the species is the occurrence of a black mid-lateral line running along the lateral line, similar to L. rubripinna.

However, unlike L. rubripinna, this black line does not fade or disappear as the fish reaches maturity.

[1] They feed primarily on aquatic plants, leaf litter, fallen fruit, and seeds.