[1][2] The Norwegian government requested that the British establish a meteorological observatory in the Shetland Islands, after Roald Amundsen expressed a desire to compare notes on the Aurora Borealis he observed during his expedition in 1920.

Here, scientists have conducted groundbreaking research on atmospheric electricity, cosmic rays, cloud properties, geomagnetic activity, and space weather forecasting.

[6] They found that during El Niño periods, there was an increase in electric fields compared to La Niña or neutral phases in sea surface temperature.

[7] By comparing their data to another observatory, scientists discovered instrument-related inhomogeneities that affected the long-term trend of geomagnetic activity and the evolution of interplanetary magnetic field strength and solar wind speed.

Through their long-term measurements, scientists have gained valuable insights into atmospheric electricity, cosmic rays, cloud properties, geomagnetic activity, and space weather forecasting.